Arson: Psychological Motives and Criminal Responsibility

Following the devastating fires of last week, questions arise regarding the motives of arsonists. Police have increased patrols and are investigating organized arsonists, with arrests already made.

Psychiatrist Giorgos Mikellidis explains that arsonists may act for various reasons, including feelings of helplessness, anger, revenge, financial interests, or ideological background. Not all arsonists are pyromaniacs in the psychiatric sense, as pyromania describes a compulsive attraction to fire.

Most arsons are linked to multiple motives, such as personality disorders, low self-esteem, or a desire for control. In some cases, there may be intellectual disability or mental illness. Individuals with pyromania experience tension before the act and relief afterward.

Arsonists are usually aware of their actions and are subject to legal consequences. However, the management of the consequences differs. Organized arsonists try to justify their actions, while few show remorse.

Although most arsonists are not mentally ill, their behavior is linked to psychological factors such as personality disorders, anger, trauma, or inability to manage emotions. Psychological and correctional intervention can help prevent recurrence.

In Cyprus, there are anger management and social skills programs in correctional settings. Addressing the phenomenon requires a holistic approach, both legal and psychosocial.