Greece: High defense spending in NATO due to Greek-Turkish tensions

Greece ranks among the NATO countries with the highest defense spending, with approximately 3.1% of its GDP allocated to defense in 2024. According to CNBC, apart from the USA, Poland, Latvia, and Estonia, Greece consistently maintains high defense expenditures.

Greek-Turkish tensions are a significant factor in Greece's defense spending. Jacob Kirkegaard from the Bruegel think tank, mentions the "heavy historical burden" between the two countries, including wars and conflicts over the control of Cyprus. Giorgos Tzogopoulos from ELIAMEP, adds that Greece spends to protect its sovereignty due to Turkey's "aggressive policy" in the region.

Despite the high spending, there are weaknesses in Greece's military strength. Wolfango Piccoli of Teneo, notes that Greece invests in advanced weapons systems but lacks a strong domestic defense industry. Kirkegaard also points out operational readiness issues, such as outdated tanks and scattered equipment.

Greece's defense spending is expected to strengthen its position in NATO. Piccoli mentions that these expenditures improve relations with countries like the USA and France, while also serving as a tool for geopolitical influence. At the NATO summit, members have agreed in principle to increase the defense spending target to 5% of GDP.